Cranberry Extract, 1 serv. size

Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract is an extract that is taken from the fruit of the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, which is known as the cranberry. Dietary supplements (DS) containing Vaccinium macrocarpon, often known as American Cranberry, are used with the intention of fostering better health in the urinary system. This characteristic is associated with the antiadhesion activity of proanthocyanidins (PACs) that are directed against uropathogenic bacteria. A-type cranberry proanthocyanidins and uropathogenic bacterial anti-adhesion activity Amy B Howell 1, Jess D Reed, Christian G Krueger, Ranee Winterbottom, David G Cunningham, Marge Leahy

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in certain foods, that may be added to other meals, and that is also available for purchase as a nutritional supplement. Vitamin C can be found in all three of these forms. Because the bodies of humans are unable to generate vitamin C spontaneously, as is the case in the bodies of most other animals, it is very necessary to consume sufficient amounts of vitamin C through one's diet.Mannino, Giuseppe et al. “Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)-Based Dietary Supplements: Variation in Mass Uniformity, Proanthocyanidin Dosage and Anthocyanin Profile Demonstrates Quality Control Standard Needed.” Nutrients vol. 12,4 992. 3 Apr. 2020, doi:10.3390/nu12040992

Alpha-tocopherol is the only form of vitamin E that is utilized by the human body. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that comes in numerous different forms. Its primary function is that of an antioxidant, which involves removing unstable electrons, often known as "free radicals" that are harmful to cells. Traber, Maret G, and Jeffrey Atkinson. “Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more.” Free radical biology & medicine vol. 43,1 (2007): 4-15. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.024